Castulo (Kastilo) - Iberia (Near modern day Linares, Spain)
200-100 BC
Male head / Helmeted Sphinx
Composition: Bronze
Weight: 13.32g
Diameter: 26.0mm
Thickness: 3.7mm
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Castulo (Kastilo) - Iberia (Near modern day Linares, Spain) 200-100 BC Male head / Helmeted Sphinx Composition: Bronze Weight: 13.32g Diameter: 26.0mm Thickness: 3.7mm |
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Castulo was an ancient Iberian city, located on a plateau along the Guadalimar River, in the South of modern day Spain. Castulo was a major city of the Oretani tribe. The Oretani settled in this region of Iberia around 500 - 600 BC. The Greek historian, Diodorus, attributes 12 cities to the Oretani. |
The Carthaginian Empire expanded its Iberian territory from 237 - 218 BC. Orissus, ruler of the Oretani tribe, was defeated in 227 BC, resulting in Carthaginian control of Oretani cities. During the second Punic War, Carthaginians and Iberian mercenaries defeated the Roman army in a battle at the city of Castulo in 211 BC. By 206 BC, Roman victories forced the Carthaginians to withdraw from Iberia. In 206 BC, citizens of Castulo made a pact to become allies of Rome, after learning that the Roman general, Scipio, slaughtered every inhabitant of the neighboring town, Illiturgis. |